November 13, 2011 - The National Development and Reform Commission and five other departments today released theon deepeninghousekeeping serviceOpinions on the integration of industry and education". It proposes, among other things, to promote the upgrading and integrated development of the industry. Encouragementintelligent manufacturing, home economics and other areas of school-enterprise cooperation, and to strengthen the research and development and technological upgrading of products such as smart homes and home service robots.intensifyArtificial Intelligence TechnologyApplication in the field of home economics. Education and training in home economics intelligence to develop new types of home economics service personnel.
The opinion also mentions the promotion of digital training methods for home economics, and encourages local governments, industry associations and others to develop unified standard interfaces for online training.Promoting data connectivity and open sharing of training resources.. Supporting leading enterprises with housekeeping operations and digitalization capabilities to build a platform for integrating online and offline community services. Encourage localities to attract large enterprises in related fields, such as pension, childcare, property and hotels, to enter cross-border operations in the home economics industry.
《Opinions on Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education in the Home Economics Service IndustryThe full text is below:
Improving the quality of domestic service is an urgent task to promote the quality and expansion of domestic service industry. Deepening the integration of industry and education in the domestic service industry is conducive to promoting the linkage of the domestic education chain and talent chain with the industrial chain and innovation chain, and is an effective way to optimize the quality and structure of the supply of domestic human resources and to improve the quality of domestic service. In order to deepen the integration of industry and education in the domestic service industry and promote the high-quality development of the industry, the following opinions are formulated.
I. Strengthening education and training of domestic helpers
(i) Development of academic education in home economics-related specialties.General colleges and universities and vocational schools should take the initiative to adapt to the needs of national and regional economic and social development, set up additional home economics-related specialties that are urgently needed by the market, rationalize the enrolment scale, increase the number of levels of schooling, and build a laddered and orderly personnel training system. General colleges and vocational schools should promote the sharing of curriculum resources and explore the mutual recognition of credits. Higher vocational colleges and universities with home economics-related majors are encouraged to expand the enrollment scale of home economics-related majors for intermediate schools. In principle, each province will build at least one high-level modern home economics specialty group for vocational education, and more than two national-level high-level modern home economics specialty groups for vocational education will be built nationwide. Encourage localities to give preference in the allocation of enrollment plans for home economics-related majors.
(ii) Improvement of specialized teaching in home economics-related vocational education.(c) To give full play to the role of the training bases for teachers specializing in home economics, increase the training of professional teachers, and expand the size of the professional teaching force for home economics education. Revise and improve the classification and evaluation standards for the employment of "dual-teacher" teachers in home economics, recruit a certain number of home economics practitioners who hold the vocational skills level certificate of senior worker or above, and encourage schools and home economics enterprises to employ each other part-time in accordance with the regulations. Encourage the introduction of new methods, technologies, techniques and standards of home economics enterprises into education and teaching practices. Establish a mechanism for regular training of "dual-teacher" teachers in home economics, and clarify the time requirements for teachers to participate in practical training in enterprises. It has strengthened the construction of high-quality courses and high-quality teaching materials, popularized the "post course, race and certificate" four-in-one, combined training and training mode of training home economics personnel, and constructed a diversified practical teaching system.
(iii) Vigorous development of continuing education in home economics.Supporting various types of institutions of higher learning to develop continuing education in home economics-related disciplines, promoting the integration of non-academic and academic education, promoting the mutual recognition of non-academic achievements such as vocational skills level recognition and academic education credits, increasing the proportion of credits for skills-based courses, and piloting the full credit system talent cultivation model. In an orderly manner, home economics-related specialties have been promoted to be included in the list of specialties offered by the national higher education self-study examination. A sound funding mechanism for higher-education continuing education, in which organizers and learners reasonably share the costs of training, is being developed, and qualified domestic workers are being encouraged to receive academic continuing education.
(iv) Strengthening general education on home economics.Encourage compulsory education and general high schools to popularize knowledge and practical skills of life and work, carry out appropriate life and work education in accordance with the age characteristics of students, and support schools in hiring teachers specializing in home economics to teach part-time. Vocational schools are encouraged to open their practical training bases to general secondary schools, and schools are supported in building a number of home economics education experience bases in cooperation with home economics enterprises. Universities for the elderly are encouraged to offer courses on life interests and hobbies, and to teach family communication skills and health and wellness.
II. Strengthening the skills of domestic workers
(v) Improving the training system for domestic enterprises.(c) Instructing housekeeping enterprises to establish a full training system for the entire chain, including pre-employment, on-the-job, and transfer to another job. Pre-job training should be based on the type of service project, with a clear minimum length of training, so that they can start work after passing the training. On-the-job training should be implemented at least once every two years "back to the stove" training requirements. Encourage domestic enterprises through the transfer of training, professional manager training and other ways to smooth the lateral mobility of personnel and vertical promotion of career development channels. Support conditional employee-based domestic help enterprises and leading domestic help enterprises to establish training systems and training facilities that meet their own development needs. Encourage small and medium-sized domestic enterprises to purchase training services from vocational schools, higher education institutions and training organizations.
(vi) Improvement of the skills upgrading work system.Improve the occupational classification system of the domestic service industry, promote the formulation (revision) of national occupational standards for occupations (trades) related to the domestic service industry, and strengthen the implementation and application of domestic service standards. Continuously promote the construction of vocational training demonstration bases for housekeeping (family) services. Vocational schools and private vocational skills training schools that offer majors related to domestic service are being guided to provide training for domestic service practitioners. Cultivation of professional ethics is being strengthened, and the proportion of professional ethics content is being increased in the development of teaching materials and curriculum. Continuously carry out actions to upgrade the skills of domestic helpers. More domestic enterprises are being guided to organize domestic helpers to undergo real-name authentication and online training on the "Domestic Helpers Credit Check" platform, and to display training information to consumers through the "Domestic Helpers Credit Check". Deepening the use of competitions to promote training, supporting the organization of domestic service vocational skills competitions at all levels, and encouraging the establishment of domestic service competitions in comprehensive vocational skills competitions.
(vii) Strengthening the branding of home economics training.Implementing the "Women's Home Economics" quality and capacity expansion skills upgrading project, training more than 200,000 home economists each year. Implementing the trade union home economics training program, training 100,000 home economics workers each year. Implementing the "National Open Home Economics" training program, training 300,000 home economists, 30,000 home economist trainers, and 10,000 home economist managers each year. Supporting and encouraging localities to create quality home economics training projects on the basis of "one product for each locality".
III. Improvement of the carrier for the integration of home economics industry and education
(viii) Fostering enterprises that integrate home economics with industry and education.Guiding localities to establish and improve the criteria for recognizing industry-education integration-type enterprises, and vigorously fostering industry-education integration-type enterprises in the field of home economics. Supporting the listing of eligible home economics enterprises as national or provincial-level enterprises integrating education and industry. Localities should implement relevant tax incentives in strict accordance with the regulations, and further refine the combined incentives of "finance + finance + land + credit" in order to support the development of housekeeping industry-education-integration enterprises.
(ix) Supporting the construction of practical training bases for home economics.Encourage the building and sharing of home economics training bases by means of attracting enterprises to schools, introducing schools into enterprises, and integrating schools and enterprises, and explore various modes of cooperation such as "consortiums" and "sub-bases". Support practical training bases to increase scenes, functions and modules related to home economics. Support the participation of home economics enterprises in the operation of industry-education integration training bases constructed by institutions and public training bases constructed by the government. Investment within the central budget will actively support qualified practical training bases and public practical training bases for the integration of industry and education in home economics.
(j) Creating new carriers for the integration of home economics industry and education.Supporting leading enterprises in the domestic supply chain and upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, leading domestic enterprises, high-level higher education institutions and vocational schools to take the lead and join hands with relevant industrial organizations, schools, institutions and enterprises to jointly set up a community for industry-education integration in the domestic industry. Docking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area and other major regional strategies, play the role of government coordination, industry aggregation, enterprise traction, the main role of the school, based on the housekeeping industrial park, to create a number of housekeeping municipal industry-education consortiums with the functions of talent training, innovation and entrepreneurship, and promoting the high-quality development of the industry.
IV. Empowering the high-quality development of domestic enterprises
(xi) Promote the training of personnel to match market demand.Supporting the in-depth participation of home economics enterprises in the professional planning, development of teaching materials, instructional design, curriculum, internships and practical training of institutions of higher learning and vocational schools, and integrating the needs of enterprises into the cultivation of talents. Innovate point-to-point and order-based school-enterprise cooperation talent training models. Encourage home economics enterprises to set up a certain percentage of apprenticeship positions for vocational school students. Encourage domestic enterprises to set up industrial colleges and enterprise studios, innovation bases and practice bases based on or in conjunction with vocational schools and colleges of higher education. Support vocational schools and schools of higher education to take the initiative to serve the demand for talents in the housekeeping industry and adjust the professional settings of vocational schools and schools of higher education in a timely manner.
(xii) Promoting the upgrading and integration of industries.Encourage school-enterprise cooperation in the fields of intelligent manufacturing and home economics, strengthen the research and development and technological upgrading of products such as intelligent homes and home service robots, and deepen the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of home economics. Carry out intelligent education and training in home economics, and cultivate new types of home economics service talents. Promote digitalized training methods in housekeeping, encourage local governments, industry associations and other organizations to develop unified online training standard interfaces, and promote data interconnection and open sharing of training resources. Support leading enterprises with home economics operation and digitization capabilities to build an online and offline integration platform for community services. Encourage localities to attract large enterprises in related fields, such as pension, childcare, property and hotels, to enter cross-border operations in the home economics industry.
(xiii) Deepening the matching of supply and demand to promote high-quality full employment.Supporting home economics industry- and education-integrated enterprises, leading home economics enterprises, and employee-based home economics enterprises to establish stable docking mechanisms with institutions of higher learning and vocational schools that offer home economics-related majors, and actively absorbing college graduates into the home economics industry. Localities are encouraged to strengthen vocational guidance for rural laborers, people relocated to alleviate poverty, and registered unemployed people, and to provide various forms of employment recommendations. Ex-servicemen and other groups are encouraged to engage in innovation and entrepreneurship in the housekeeping industry, and efforts are being made to realize more high-quality employment driven by entrepreneurship.
V. Organization and implementation
(xiv) Strengthening job security.The coordination mechanism for promoting the quality and expansion of the domestic service industry around the world has made the deepening of the integration of industry and education in the domestic service industry an important agenda, and has compressed the responsibilities and refined the initiatives to ensure that the tasks are put in place. Various policies and funds should be co-ordinated to actively support the provision of low-fee training venues, expanding the supply of guaranteed rental housing (beds), strengthening financial support, and safeguarding the rights and interests of domestic workers.
(xv) Forming multi-party synergies.Give full play to the role of industry associations, participate in the formulation and promotion of standards for home economics services, assist in the evaluation of the effectiveness of industry-education integration, and release timely information on the industry. Governments at all levels and social organizations are encouraged to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties by way of project commissions to build a talent supply chain that integrates education, training, evaluation and employment.
(xvi) Creating a favorable environment.Actively explore and publicize the advanced stories of domestic helpers, select and commend advanced figures, and enhance the sense of professional honor and social acceptance. Strengthening education on the concepts of life, labor and occupation, guiding society as a whole to firmly establish a correct outlook on employment, enhancing a correct understanding of the domestic service industry, and creating a good atmosphere of public opinion and an inclusive social environment in which "occupations are not noble or lowly and labor is respected."